What is Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)?

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is specifically defined as a measure of the amount of dissolved oxygen that microorganisms will consume while decomposing organic matter in a water sample over a specified period, typically five days at a temperature of 20°C. This parameter is critically important in wastewater treatment as it helps to evaluate the organic pollution level. High BOD values indicate a significant amount of biodegradable materials in the water, which means that microorganisms will consume more oxygen during the decomposition process.

This measurement is essential for assessing the impact of wastewater on aquatic ecosystems since excessive organic matter can lead to oxygen depletion, adversely affecting fish and other aquatic life. Understanding BOD helps wastewater treatment facilities determine the necessary processes for effectively reducing pollution and ensuring compliance with environmental regulations.